Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on hyperglycemia-induced cochlear damage: An experimental study
Ayşe Pelin Yiğider1, Mehmet Gul2, Şefika Körpınar3, Mehmet Ali Kaplan4, Ela Server1, Özgür Yiğit1, Sevgi Daştan5, Akın Savaş Toklu4
1Istanbul Eğitim Ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kulak Burun Boğaz Kliniği, Istanbul, Türkiye
2Inönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Histoloji Ve Embryoloji Bölümü, Malatya, Türkiye
3Medok Hiperbarik Oksijen Tedavi Merkezi, Istanbul, Türkiye
4Istanbul Üniversite, Istanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Sualtı Hekimliği Ve Hiperbarik Tıp Bilim Dalı, Istanbul, Türkiye
5Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, Veterinerlik Fakültesi, Sivas, Türkiye
Keywords: Cochlea, diabetes mellitus, distortion product otoacoustic emission, hyperbaric oxygen.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate whether hyperglycemia-induced cochlear damage can be treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in rats with diabetes mellitus using distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and histopathological analysis.
METHODS: The study included 18 male albino Sprague Dawley rats (weighing ≥350 g, at least two months of age). Animals were divided into three groups as the control group (group 1), streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetes group (group 2), and STZ-induced diabetes+HBOT group (group 3). Distortion product otoacoustic emission was used to demonstrate functional status of cochlea and applied at the beginning and at the end of the eighth week. Group 3 was treated with HBOT for one week at sixth week. By the end of the eighth week, all animals were decapitated. Histological evaluation was performed under light microscopy.
RESULTS: All animals in groups 2 and 3 had fasting blood glucose levels >250 mg/dL. There was no difference in terms of signal-to-noise ratio values between groups at the end of the study except for 2 kHz, which was lower in groups 2 and 3. Histological evaluation showed that degenerations including hydropic degeneration, loss of supporting and hair cells, basilar membrane deformation, and fibrinoid material in deposition in the scala media were higher in group 2 than group 3.
CONCLUSION: In our study, HBOT ameliorated diabetes-induced cochlear damage histologically. In light of our findings, we believe that the management of hearing loss in diabetics may evolve dramatically if the proper algorithm is formed.